In an age where renewable energy is gaining increasing attention and importance, the market for solar panels has expanded beyond traditional large-scale installations. Enter mini solar panels, compact and portable photovoltaic devices designed to harness the power of the sun on a smaller scale.
But are these pint-sized powerhouses really worth the investment? In this article, we will explore the world of mini solar panels, their advantages, and disadvantages, and whether they are a viable option for you.
The number of small systems registered more than sevenfold in the first quarter of 2023 compared to the same period last year, according to official data.
"The market is gigantic," solar plugin lawyer Christian Offenheusle told DW.He runs the Berlin-based company EmpowerSource, which advertises these relatively inexpensive mini systems. By 2030, he predicts that by the end of the decade there could be "12 million plug-in solar systems in Germany."
Small solar systems are also becoming increasingly popular in China. In the megalopolis of Hangzhou, they are a common sight in large apartment buildings, according to Hans-Josef Fell, president of the Energy Watch Group, a think tank for renewables in Berlin and a former Green Party lawmaker.
In Italy, meanwhile, the largest electricity supplier, Enel, is also promoting this form of domestic power generation through inclusion and operation.
Inverter that allows you to plug a small solar device into a wall outlet
There is "great interest" in the technology in other European countries such as Poland, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Austria, Switzerland and Hungary, Offenheusle said. Each of the states also tried to reduce the bureaucracy surrounding the installation of such units.
Germany also plans to simplify the installation of the devices, with advocates saying they could complement the energy transition if enough people installed them.
But how do plug solar modules work?
Residents can produce solar electricity themselves with one to three photovoltaic modules suspended on balconies or walls or installed on a terrace, roof or in the garden. Most importantly, the devices do not require installation by a retailer.
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Solar cell[/caption]
The direct current from the solar module is taken to a small box where it is converted to a grid-standard alternating current (AC) by an inverter. After that, the device can simply be plugged into a standard wall outlet.
How much electricity does balcony solar energy generate?
Solar modules produce the most electricity in direct sunlight, which is why they are particularly productive in sunny areas and in spring and summer.
In sunlit parts of Africa, the Middle East, Australia, China, Latin America and the United States, a 400-watt module can generate up to 800 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity per year. That's about half that in less sunny Germany and central Europe.
But the location of the module is also key. It is optimal to arrange the modules facing south and at the best energy-yielding angle.
A 400-watt module installed on a southern facade or balcony in Germany, perpendicular to the sun's rays, generates an average of about 260 kWh of electricity per year. A module facing east or west can still generate about 190 kWh per year.
Is one balcony module sufficient for the electricity needs of the home?
A solar module being switched on will cover only part of the energy demand in industrialized countries where electricity consumption per capita is relatively high. A four-person household in Germany consumes on average about 4000,1500 kWh per year, with one person using about kWh.
Still, the electricity generated could help reduce electricity bills, advocates say.
In spring and summer, a south-facing 400-watt module with an optimal tilt angle can generate up to 320 watts on average, half as much when it's a bit cloudy, and only about 50 watts when it's very cloudy.
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Mini Solar Panels: Are They Worth It?[/caption]
In autumn and winter, mini systems generate 160 watts when the sun is shining and only 20 watts when it is very cloudy.
Thus, even in winter, there is enough power for an Internet router, for example, which consumes about 10 watts. And the balcony module can almost always deliver enough power for a small 80-watt refrigerator and laptop from 40 to 100 watts.
But one plug-in module isn't enough to work with a powerful computer with two monitors of about 900 watts, a 2000,600-watt washing machine, or even a kettle that uses between 2000 and watts.
How much do plugin solar systems cost?
Plug-in solar systems with one to three panels cost between 400 and 1200,449 euros ($1348 ) in German online stores.
With electricity prices currently around 30 to 50 cents per kWh, the panels will pay off in six to nine years, said Berlin-based German Solar Industry Association, which represents the interests of about 1000,<> solar businesses.
After that, the electricity generated by the module is free - and will be at least another ten years. Solar panels today last an average of more than 25 years, while inverter panels work up to 15 years.
How safe are plug solar modules?
"In general, solar modules with a plug are very safe. No damage has been reported so far.
However, it recommends purchasing such systems from specialist retailers or online retailers that ensure that all components match and provide installation instructions and advice. VDE, a German technical and scientific institution that tests and certifies electrical equipment, components and systems, makes similar recommendations for the purchase of the devices.
Solar roofs – Roof tiles with solar modules
Such modules are also becoming more accessible, with 25 of the 27 Member States of the European Union approving the systems – only Belgium and Hungary still do not allow balcony solar batteries. Germany is also considering increasing the maximum limit of the systems from 600 to 800 watts.
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The different types of solar roof tiles[/caption]
When installing the modules, occupants must ensure that they are well-secured and anchored to balconies or walls so that they can withstand wind and harsh weather conditions.
Do-it-yourself energy decision
Experts in the solar industry agree that plug-in solar modules will be able to cover only a small part of future electricity demand.
But balcony modules also allow users to "have fun" generating their own solar energy while promoting climate-friendly energy solutions, .